Stress reactions among Swedish health care personnel in unifil,South Lebanon 1982–1984

Since 1948 almost 50,000 Swedish men and women have been in military UN service in more than 15 countries under very different circumstances. The stress situation for UN soldiers is quite different form soldiers in other military situations. The UN soldier might be scared by his own aggressiveness, because of his limited opportunities to use his weapons. The mission for the UNIFIL hospital in Naqoura, a few kilometres north of the Israeli border, is to provide the UN forces (5000–6000 soldiers) with hospital care and specialized medical services. Three contingents (N = 421) during three years have been studied by means of, questionnaires, self-rating scales, a personality inventory test (KSP) and personal interviews. The personal interviews were structured and performed during the last mouth of service for each contingent. The UN soldiers were interviewed by six experienced psychiatrists, who were all well acquainted with the Swedish military system. All the interviews took place within the Swedish UN hospital area in south Lebanon, during one week for each group.     

Patient menus in New South Wales hospitals

Patient menus in Australian hospitals were studied using two methods: (1) a written questionnaire completed by catering officers from 270 hospitals in new south wales (74% of the hospitals in State), and (2) an examination of the printed menus collected from 128 of those hospitals. Of the hospitals 96% used a fixed menu cycle, most being 14 days in length, and 89% of hospitals allowed patients to select their own menu choices. Most hospitals did not offer more than two hot choices at meals, but larger hospitals provided a wider range of choice than smaller ones. Twenty-four percent of small hospitals (fewer than 50 beds) using polyunsaturated oil for frying food, while only 7% of larger hospitals did so. Almost all hospitals offered high fibre breakfast cereals and wholemeal bread on the menu, 66% had polyunsaturated margarine as an alternative to butter, and only 25% routinely offered a low-fat milk option. Highly salted foods made up 13% of main menu items and one in five mainmeal choices could be classified as high in fat. Hospitals employing dietitians had signficantly fewer high-fat food items on their menus. The percentage of unpopular food items included on the menus ranged from 12% for soups to 21% for desserts. Ten recommendations are made to improve the standards of hospital menus.     

Family Status and Dilemma of HIV Positive Subjects

Objective To understand the family status and dilemma of HIV positive subjects and provide some related suggestions. Methods Constructured questionnaire and in-depth interview were used to survey their psychological needs of the 111 HIV positive subjects and AIDS patients from 4 provinces in China. Results HIV positive subjects and AIDS patients had strong mental stress. All of them hope to get support from their families; the most difficulty the subjects faced was economic poor. Conclusion It is a highlight to promote AIDS education to establish a good social environment in which HIV positive subjects and AIDS patients can live quietly and happily. And psychological support from their families and the society is very important to HIV positive subjects and AIDS patients.     

Elderly first admissions to psychiatric institutions: Findings of a nationwide Danish cohort

A nationwide cohort of first-time admitted patients aged 65 years or more to Danish psychiatric institutions was followed over a 10-year period in the Danish psychiatric register. The annual incidence rate was 3.4 males and 3.9 females per 1000. Females were more likely to get an age-related diagnosis, had more admissions and longer stays than males. 62.6% of the males and 53.9% of the females died as patients or were discharged within one year and not readmitted. More frequently this short-term group had a non-psychotic disorder. 21.9% of the males and 27.2% of the females became long-stay patients and were characterized by organic disorders. 1.9% of the males and 3.2% of the females became revolving-door patients and were characterized by manic depressive psychoses and organic disorders. In total the annual incidence rate of ‘heavy users’ was estimated to be 0.81 males and 1.14 females per 1000.     

基于开源软件的中医药信息服务系统监控管理平台的建设概况

应用开源软件Nagios、MRTG和Awstats构建了基于B/S架构的网络系统监控与管理平台,实现了IP网络的设备监控、服务监控、网络流量监控、网站访问统计的功能,并对开源软件的配置进行修改,使其更适合我单位的网络信息系统环境.另外,使用ASP和数据库技术构建网络资源信息管理系统,实时监视网络设备与服务的运行状态,较好地保证网络基础设施的正常有序运行,为决策机构、二级单位信息集成服务提供基础保障.     

医药卫生获奖成果数据库建设与网络化服务

为弥补国家科技成果库中早期地方省市成果数据不全的缺憾,改变纸质资料获取及查阅利用的不便,研究设计基于网络平台的浙江省医药卫生获奖成果数据库系统.描述系统架构与模块构成,介绍数据库内容,从数据管理、用户管理及查询两方面阐明系统功能,指出该数据库网络化服务的重要作用.     

构建医学知识服务团队与开展知识管理的相关性

 

高质量的知识服务必须以有效的知识管理作为保障，其中知识工作者是最活跃的因素。组成创造型和智能型的医学知识服务团队，需要在人员专业、知识结构、实际技能等多方面进行合理的搭配，充分发挥知识服务的功能。

     

Extension of Life-Table Methodology to Allow for Left-Censoring in Survival Studies of Pacing Devices Followed by Commercial Monitoring Services

The actuarial life-table is commonly used to describe lifetime data of living subjects and manufactured products. The life-table method allows subjects to come under observation at different times and, thus, to have differing lengths of follow-up, by assuming all subjects begin their lifetimes relative to the outcome of interest at some common point in time. As time progresses, subjects are withdrawn from the life-table when their period of observation has elapsed. This pattern of follow-up is often termed "right-censoring." An important feature of the classical life table approach is that the time at which the subject is placed at risk is known, and the status relative to the outcome of interest is known for the entire time at risk. Sometimes, however, subjects cannot be observed for some period after the beginning of their lifetimes. The example to be considered involves follow-up data collected by a commercial pacemaker monitoring service, to which patients subscribe, generally at some point following the actual implant of the pacemaker. Since the outcome of interest is device failure after implant, some means of dealing with the lack of information between implant and initiation of follow-up is needed. The extension of the actuarial life-table to accommodate this "left-censoring" will be described in this paper.     

Treatment aims and philosophy in the treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa in Europe

This study describes the range of service provision and explores differences in treatment approaches and therapeutic aims, in the 12 countries participating in the European Union collaborative COST B6 Adolescent Project into the treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN). Following a number of group meetings, two questionnaires were administered, completed and returned by e‐mail. The first questionnaire examined features of the services provided, including details of the numbers of patients seen, inpatient admission criteria and aspects of patient management. The second questionnaire contained a list of 13 therapeutic aims, asking respondents to rank in order the six they considered most important in the first weeks of treatment. There was broad agreement between services concerning the need to offer a full spectrum of services in a range of settings. Nevertheless, there were significant differences in approaches, chiefly concerning the readiness to admit to hospital, the use of (individual or family) day units and the focus on weight restoration as opposed to therapeutic engagement. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.